By isolating the heat transport from the Atlantic and Pacific, we show their different roles in melting Arctic sea ice and warming different layers of the Arctic Ocean.
The Arctic Ocean’s Beaufort Gyre, the largest Arctic freshwater reservoir, plays a crucial role for climate and marine ecosystems. Understanding how it changes in a warming climate …
This paper presents the description of the First Institute of Oceanography-Earth System Model version 2.1 (FIO-ESM v2.1) and evaluates its performance in simulating sea ice. …
This paper describes the First Institute of Oceanography-Earth System Model version 2.1 (FIO-ESM 2.1) and evaluates its performance in simulating Arctic sea ice, highlighting the …
Atlantification, the shift of Arctic waters to Atlantic-like conditions, is accelerating. We demonstrate that recent warming has shifted the Arctic into a state where …
Marine heatwaves (MHWs) and total heat exposures (THEs), extreme warming events occurring across the global oceans, seriously threaten marine ecosystems and coastal communities as …
Climate change in the Arctic has substantial impacts on human life and ecosystems both within and beyond the Arctic. Our analysis of CMIP6 simulations shows that some climate …
El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phase-locking, the tendency of ENSO events to peak in boreal winter, remains a challenge for many climate models. This study reveals that the …
Abstract. Arctic Ocean simulations in 19 global ocean–sea-ice models participating in the Ocean Model Intercomparison Project (OMIP) of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project …
Arctic near-surface air temperature warms much faster than the global average, a phenomenon known as Arctic Amplification. The change of the underlying Arctic Ocean could influence …